Elizabeth Jennings ‘Old Woman’ Analysis Essay

This poem is written to tell us the fact that no matter how much we think we can control the directions of life, but as time passes, we will be convinced to accept our destiny. This is illustrated through an old woman who tries to arrange her life and the things around her to the way she wanted but it all turns out that she has little control over them and mostly are gone as years go by. This poem is a metrical verse of 4 sestets. The first two sestets shows the disappointment of the old woman despite how badly she â€Å"arranges† and wants her husband or children to stay with her but her â€Å"love is now a flicker or memory† and â€Å"no child or man, and where I live is what remains when men and children go†. In the third sestet then, shows how the old woman comforts herself that actually not all is lost and â€Å" she owns more than residue of lives that she has marked and altered.† That she is able to stop the mysterious force of time and â€Å"control† the flowers from wilting â€Å"by keeping flowers fed† and take care of her silver by polishing them. In the last sestet, however, she finally realizes all these do not matter anymore as she ages and feels â€Å"her years grow less and less†. Time, which she once feared that took away many things she cherished does not bother her as before because she knows that time eventually is going to take her life away too. It is also time, that made her understand the significance of what previously happened and she has to learn to accept. â€Å"her own life she places in the vase† – Like the flowers she arranges, her life is arranged by time too. This poem is written in a series of run on lines. â€Å"Warns time from too much touching her possessions/By keeping flowers fed, by polishing/ Her fine old silver† gives a dragging, monotonous and â€Å"controlled† feeling which probably illustrates how time reduces the life of the old woman and taking things away from her slowly and naturally. The run on lines also give a very repetitive effect that time will continually alter one’s life. Jennings uses very domestic and ordinary language: â€Å"†¦cool walls of the house†¦flowers in a vase†¦fine old silver† to present to us that this is very typical of life and we may experience the disappointment of the old woman too.

Creating a Student Portal for Bataan Peninsula State University Essay

IntroductioN The project is to create a Student Portal for Bataan Peninsula State University. Its purpose is to raise the availability of certain students’ records like the grades, finances/billing, and curriculum checklist. Along with, is the process of encoding students’ final grades and the forming of the dean’s list. Using the student portal, data can be accessible at any time and location over the Internet. Background of the Study The Bataan Peninsula State University was established by virtue of Republic Act 9403, signed into law on 22nd of March 2007. It is a conglomeration of fine leading higher education institutions in Bataan seeking to contribute to the national and regional development through providing excellent quality of services in instruction, research, production and extension. Guided by one Vision of becoming a university of excellence acknowledged not only in the country but also in the Asia-Pacific Region, BPSU shall continue to gear toward the realization of its mission of providing quality and relevant education in order to contribute to the national and regional development. Before the conversion, BPSU used to have three campuses; two are located in the City of Balanga while the third is situated in Orani. The passage of RA 9403 resulted to the expansion of BPSU’s campuses as the said Act duly integrated the Bataan State College in Dinalupihan and its satellite campus in Abucay (forme rly Bataan National Agricultural School). The five campuses of the university have very humble beginnings and yet they all emerged with glorious histories to be proud of. More empowerment is expected to be bestowed to each campus as their strengths shall be utilized for the success of the 111 programs and other services of the university. On June 2008, the University made education more accessible to the residents of the towns of Bagac and Morong by establishing an extension in the Municipality of Bagac. The extension offers some of the most in demand courses in the country like BS Entrepreneurship, BS Hotel and Restaurant Management, first two years of Nursing, and General Engineering courses. Contributing to national development has always been the topmost priority of the university; therefore BPSU relentlessly keeps itself updated on the recent trends to be  responsive to the present and future demands of the community. At present university has three programs granted with Level 1 Accreditation from AACCUP. Fifty-six (5 6) programs are scheduled for accreditation from 2008 to 2012. Moreover, the university continues to equip itself with faculty and employees who have remarkable skills and knowledge in order to uphold academic excellence and maintain its capacity of producing quality graduates. At present, 6 percent of its faculty have Doctorate degrees and 31 percent have master’s degrees. The rest are still working on their post-baccalaureate studies. It is not surprising that the enrollment continues to increase over the years as the university has proven its capability to match and even to surpass the performance of other reputable universities in the country in various competitions and also in the licensure exams. Other than this, low tuition fee rates, and pollution-free and safe environment further encourage the Bataeà ±os and those from other nearby provinces to patronize BPSU. For BPSU, a life without challenges to conquer would be futile as the university always stretches the limit to adapt to the changes and to turn trials into opportunities. Even cuts in the budget will not impede BPSU from attaining its goals. Aside from relying on its several IGPs to augment the budget and sustain its programs, the university continues to strengthen and to establish partnerships with local and international agencies that are more than willing to work side by side BPSU as it continues its journey towards a more dignified future. [bpsu.edu.ph] Every educational institution has its sole priority to give the best learning out from their best performances of teachings, processes and resources to their students. And, BPSU which is one of these institutions had already proven that they can absolutely give it. In the University’s actual operation, there are lots of offices and departments that are responsible on producing, maintaining and keeping every student’s records. Two of these are the Registrar’s department and the Finance’s department. Along the Registrar’s department is where the student’s documents are piled. Student’s documents consisting of personal data and academic information from their previous schools and from BPSU itself which are produced due to the span of years of the student’s admission in the University, for instance, are the grades. Another department mentioned is the Finance’s department; this also conducts one of the main tasks required for tracking the admission of the student every school year. That task is to keep files with regards to all of their finances, including all of the payments that are made, balances and other financial issues. These certain information of a student can also be found in the enrollment system that was used by the Registrar’s Office, it is how the Registrar has the authority to view the financial status of a student. Students must know every transaction that was made in the University especially when it has to do with their own concerns. They must always be informed of all the latest records that were kept and reported to the offices responsible for their stay-in within the institution. On the registrar’s part, a student is not allowed to have an update or a look within their record every time they desired. Considering that the registrar is also busy for other major works assigned to him. Seemingly, it will just consume time and effort for finding a particular record in their repositories. A student can only be given the opportunity, which depends on the situation. Naturally, grades were available every end of the semester in a printed form, though, some of the instructors are considerate in informing a student of the grades as often as possible. While on the finance office part, the records kept are confidential. In order for a student to be informed of the balances remaining on their account, the student should ask the finance officer. But it’s not that simple, as the officer is not free to answer every student’s questions or uncertainties at anytime. At some point in a semester, the finance’s department issues the statement of account of each student that still has remaining balances that must be paid in order to be given a permit that is a requirement before taking an examination On pondering on these unwanted situations experienced by the students, the thought of having a medium that will grant access to student’s account as often as they want sprung up. The medium is what we called a Students’ Portal. A portal or a web portal, also known as a links page, presents  information from diverse sources in a unified way. Apart from the standard search engine feature, web portals offer other services such as e-mail, news, stock prices, information, databases and entertainment. Portals provide a way for enterprises to provide a consistent look and feel with access control and procedures for multiple applications and databases, which otherwise would have been different entities altogether. Some related studies are researched and included on the documentation for further comprehension of the proposed system. Orani Water District Intranet Based Public Information Kiosk This thesis is made by the IPiK Group, BSIT students of Colegio de San Juan de Letran – Bataan that aims to create an integrated public access information system to be used by employees and visitors of Orani Water District that will improve the current process of dissemination of information. Also, the developers target the replacement of old bulletin boards with digital ones. All the information contained and posted on a bulletin board will be encoded and displayed in a public access computer, with a web-based interface to access the information. The public access computer will be implemented in a client-server environment. A domain controller will be used to apply access control and policies to the public access computer. The officer-in-charge only has to encode the information on the system rather than printing it and then posting it on the bulletin board. The system will only be updated by an administrator. The company’s system administrator will handle the updates and backups. The backups will be made using MS SQL Server 2005’s automatic backup service. The backup files will be stored on a backup DVD-ROM. The system will not be available online, only through the intranet. It will be available only from 8 AM to 5 PM. The proposed system named as Letran-Abucay Students’ Portal has the same objective with the IPik Group thesis that is to render information for the users. The main users of the Orani Water District Intranet-based Public Information Kiosk are the customers, while for the Students’ Portal are apparently the students. What will be the difference of the two is that the  Students’ Portal will be a web-based application and is accessible using a web browser which is opposed to the public information kiosk that is a window-based application. Bataan Information System This thesis is made by the STI-Bataan students under the advisory of Ms. Cristina de Leon, who is now a Letran IT Professor. It is about the designing and developing of a Bataan Information System in a multimedia form and to solve the problems encountered by the provincial government in promoting Bataan. The Information System will be easy to access and directed to the end-user and will support an interactive environment with a user-friendly feature in promoting the province of Bataan. Information system is frequently used to refer to the interaction between people, processes, data and technology. In this sense, the term is used to refer not only to the information and communication technology (ICT) an organization uses, but also to the way in which people interact with this technology in support of business processes (Wikipedia) Giving information is how the two systems, which are the Bataan Information System and the proposed students’ portal, are similar. Both render numbers of information that are accessible by an authorized user in a computerized process. Campus Portals a Framework for Development Accommodating End-users’ Online Activities (an International Thesis) This thesis is about the development of a campus portal created for the University of Wollongong; thus was prepared by Tharitpong Fuangvut on 2005. A Campus Portal is an exciting recent phenomenon forming part of the new generation of online services for all stakeholders in institutions of higher education. Conceptually the general notion of a Portal should be to be distinguished from that of other Web- based applications and the traditional Intranet of the institution. The major objective of this research is to propose a development methodology specifically suitable for Campus Portal projects. While there are many accepted development methodologies for traditional and Web-based Information Systems, no clear body of knowledge on the development of Campus Portals has yet been recognized. Additionally, as this is a new area, the definitions, terms, concepts and important issues agreed to by academic researchers and practitioners, are still evolving. This research, therefore, needs to clarify and identify some important issues regarding Campus Portals and their development, prior to composing the development methodology. In the second and third phases of the research, two studies were carried out, a preliminary study and a case study. These generated more understanding of the issues and extended the body of knowledge on Campus Portals, especially concerning their development. The preliminary study explored and investigated the online services and Campus Portals of 40 higher education institutions’ sites in Australia, New Zealand, the USA, the UK and Canada. The findings of the preliminary study show that there are no standard patterns in the function of personalization and customization in Campus Portals. The case study was conducted in an Australian university among the major stakeholder groups, namely, the development team and the end-users (students and academic staff). Students were the primary focus of the end-user st udy, from which data was collected using a survey to build up usage patterns of their online activities. Statement of Goals Due to the data gatherings that the researcher had conducted many thoughts lead the proponent to know and study more of the certain dilemmas and inefficiencies that taking place within the process wherein the people affected perhaps are not aware. Currently, students are given limits on viewing their own records kept by the University due to several uncertainties it will cost, uncertainties that include lack of time and extensive work of the people involved. Furthermore, the proponent had also studied prior concerns which will benefit everyone that are included on the process once implemented on the system: Security of data that will ensure a protected system that traces and prevents unauthorized access; Encoding of the final grades that is one of the tasks of the faculty every end of a semester; Downloadable and printable documents such as the Grades Slip coming from the Registrar’s office and a variety of forms coming from the Dean’s office. Availability of students’ list with  final grades which will help the Dean to generate the Dean’s list. The following goals are made and collected by the proponent through the aim of resolving the concerns mentioned. The goals are as follow: General Goal To develop a Student’s Portal for Bataan Peninsula State University that will enable students to access their personal, academic and financial records. Specific Goal To implement an authentication of users through the use of ID no and password, as to prevent intruders and to assure the safety of all the data transmitted over the network. To incorporate a module for encoding the final grades of students every semester that the faculty uses. To provide downloadable and printable forms those are being retrieved from the Dean’s, Registrar’s and Finance office. To include a module that will enable the Dean to view the academic status of the students that she can use as basis for retrieving the Dean’s list. Significance of the Study For the Students Students are the ones that have a great benefit on the students’ portal because it will provide them quick access of their taken subjects prior to the curriculum they had enrolled with the corresponding final grades for each. Also, the system ensures the confidentiality and the update of records for each semester as long as new grades are issued to help the students be informed of their academic performance in the University. Aside from grades and subjects that can be viewed, a student will also have the privilege to view some his or her financial data that was managed by the finance office. For the Dean’s office Using the students’ portal, the Dean is able to view the academic status of the students that include detail such as the final grades and to gather the names of those that are included on the Dean’s list. And also, as the portal offers a module for downloadable forms that are coming from the office, the task for issuing these certain forms will be eliminated thus reducing the workload of the Dean. For the Registrar’s Office As the students will be provided of options on determining their academic records, whether to just view it on the portal or to still ask for a printed copy coming from the Registrar’s office, somehow there will be a lessening of task on the Registrar’s part. For the Finance Office The Finance office can gain benefit from the students’ portal since the students can already check over their financial records online reducing the printing of documents such as the statement of accounts if permitted. For the Future Researchers The future researchers can acquire fundamental knowledge from and be able to use this thesis documentation as basis of their own research study if it’s all about developing a students’ portal. For the Developer To the developer, this will also provide better comprehension of her proposed system that will lead her to the further understanding of the entire study that surely they can use on preparation of a brighter future that awaits her as IT professional. Scope and Limitations This study will focus on creating a students’ portal for Bataan Peninsula State University which is web-based where student records are the prior concern and accessible online. Student records that include: Student’s  personal information Curriculum checklist that comprises all the subjects taken and to be taken by the student based on the University’s curriculum and the final grades for each Grades records that consist of all the grades of the student for all his subjects that he can query through supplying of a school year or semester. Financial information that comprises the tuition fee with miscellaneous fees and discount fee, if there’s any, of a student. Subject offering that pertains to the schedule of each subject that a student had enrolled belongs. The student can use this link to plan for his schedule for the upcoming semester. Class Schedule encloses all the subject schedules of a student. As part of the authentication that was implemented on the portal, the users must provide an authorized username and password. On the system there will be four types of user’s account: the student the faculty, the dean, the registrar and the administrator. In the Student account, the authorized tasks that users can do are: Viewing of their records in through selecting from the following links: myProfile; myGrades that contains sub links such as Semester Grades, Curriculum Checklist, Collection of Grades; myFinance, mySubjectOffering and mySchedule. Viewing other student’s or faculty staff’s records through selecting mySearch link, sending and receiving of messages through myInbox which is a form of messaging. And, printing and downloading of forms such as Grades slip, curriculum checklist and forms issued by the Dean and Registrar(eg. Change of Grade Form) Second, in the Faculty account, the authorized tasks that users can do are: Entering student’s final grades for a particular subject, section school year and semester through the use of myClassRecord. Viewing other student’s or faculty staff’s records through mySearch. Uploading of lessons for the students Third, in the Dean account, the authorized tasks that Dean can do are: Viewing of the Dean’s list for the current and the previous school year and semester. Searching students to review their academic performance from the first year of his admission up to the present. Searching class schedules by entering the assigned beginning and ending time of a class, in order for the Dean to be informed of what particular class is was going on for a moment. Viewing faculty subject loads and schedules. Fourth, in the Registrar account, the authorized tasks that Registrar can do are: Viewing of student’s general weighted average. Updating the grades of a student that obtained a INC remarks from the past school year. And, selecting the students that will form the Dean’s List. Lastly, the Administrator account, the authorized tasks that Registrar can do are: Conversion of tables of records from MS Foxpro format to MS SQL. Setting the current school year and semester. Uploading of downloadable forms. And, reset users’ passwords. The following are the limitations of the Students’ Portal: Only the â€Å"Other Information† part and the password are the only records in the student’s page that can be altered. Only the administrator can convert the tables from MS Foxpro format to SQL/simply add records on the database, can set the school year and can upload forms. Only final grades are to be encoded by the faculty. Faculty cannot edit anymore the grades of the students that belong to the previous school year and semester. Only the faculty user and student users can exchange messages. Only the Registrar can update the INC remarks of students that completed the subject. Lastly, only the registrar can form the dean’s list. Definition of Terms Transaction – a transaction usually means a sequence of information exchange and related work. A transaction is a unit of work that you want to treat as â€Å"a whole†. It has to either happen in full, or not at all. Records – In computer data processing, a record is a collection of data items arranged for processing by a program. Multiple records are contained in a file or data set. The organization of data in the record is usually prescribed by the programming language that defines the record’s organization and/or by the application that processes it. Portal – a term, generally synonymous with gateway, for a World Wide Web site that is or proposes to be a major starting site for users when they get connected to the Web or that users  tend to visit as an anchor site. Web Portal – also known as a links page, presents information from diverse sources in a unified way. Apart from the standard search engine feature, web portals offer other services such as e-mail, news, stock prices, information, databases and entertainment. Links – Using hypertext, a link is a selectable connection from one word, picture, or information object to another. In a multimedia environment such as the World Wide Web, such objects can include sound and motion video sequences. Search Engine – designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are usually presented in a list of results and are commonly called hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Database – is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images. Client-server – describes the relationship between two computer programs in which one prog ram, the client, makes a service request from another program, the server, which fulfills the request. Web-based – refers to those applications or services that are resident on a server that is accessible using a Web browser and is therefore accessible from anywhere in the world via the Web. Technology – the usage and knowledge of tools, techniques, and crafts, or is systems or methods of organization, or is a material product (such as clothing) of these things. The word technology comes from the Greek technologà ­a tà ©chnÄ“ ‘craft’ and -logà ­a, the study of something, or the branch of knowledge of a discipline. The term can either be applied generally or to specific areas: examples include â€Å"construction technology†, â€Å"medical technology†, or â€Å"state-of-the-art technology†. Application – program or group of programs designed for end users. Software can be divided into two general classes: systems software and applications software Methodology Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) provides a set of models, principles, and guidelines for designing and developing enterprise solutions in a way that ensures that all elements of a project, such as people, processes and tools, can be successfully managed. MSF also provides proven practices for planning, designing, developing, and deploying successful enterprise solutions. The researcher had intended to use MSF for her methodologies especially because they are in use of Microsoft solution tools such as the Microsoft.NET Framework and the Microsoft SQL Server. MSF has five phases these are the: Envisioning, Planning, Developing, Stabilizing and Deploying. Envisioning Phase – This phase broadly describes the goals and constraints of the study. During this phase, the reseacher gathered necessary information and resources for developing a students’ portal. One of the activities that were conducted is an interview with BPSU’s database administrator to further determine what are the things and transactions necessary to put on the portal to satisfy the needs of the University and the predicted users. Some of the approved transactions are the viewing of student’s profile including the personal, academic and financial information; encoding of final grades and forming of the Dean’s list. Risk assessment regarding the developing of the system is also accomplished. On the process, the impact of the consequence is learned by determining the likelihood of its occurrence and the severity of the outcome relative to established project objectives. The envisioning phase culminates in the vision approved milestone. This milestone is the first point at which the project team and customer agree on the overall direction for the project, including what the product will and will not include. Planning Phase – This phase determines what to develop and how to develop it. The process of information is modified, gathered and undergoes three design processes namely conceptual, logical and physical perspective. During this phase, the researcher planned how to develop the Bataan Peninsula State  University students’ portal on the way its functionality can achieve the requirements of the educational institution. For conceptual design process, the expectations of the users or beneficiary of the study must be achieved like the proposal that students by using the portal can easily view their own records. For the logical design process, this meet the developer’s steps and requirements on how to develop the said system, like in an instance the system software solution will be developed using Microsoft Visual Studio and SQL Server Management studio. This solution is able to interact and communicate with other transaction processes, applications and data source. Lastly for the Physical design process, with the developer’s perspective, the development of the system will be a great help and ease not only for the students but also for the offices of the University that handles student’s information keeping considering the volumes of users and transactions. There would be a web-based implementation of a portal which will be used as the primary means for dissemination of the student’s profiles and information. The planning phase culminates in the Project plan approved milestone. This milestone is the point at which the project team, the customer, and key project stakeholders agree on the feature set and the design of the application. The Project plan approved milestone is essentially the contract with the customer to proceed with the project. Developing Phase – During this phase, the solution is developed and optimized until it is deemed ready for production use. On this phase, the student’s portal is developed. The researcher experienced several revisions on the design, the basic functionalities and on the core transaction in order to follow the needs of the identified users. The development phase culminates in the Scope Complete milestone. At this milestone, all features are complete, and the product is ready for external testing and stabilization. This milestone is the opportunity for customers and end users, operations and support personnel, and key project stakeholders to evaluate the product and identify any remaining issues they need to address before it ships. Stabilizing Phase – This phase conducts testing of the complete solution. During this phase, the researcher focuses on resolving and prioritizing bugs and preparing the solution for release. The stabilization phase culminates  with the release of the product. The Release milestone occurs when the team has addressed all outstanding issues and shipped the product or placed it in service. At the Release milestone, responsibility for ongoing management and support of the product officially transfers from the project team to the operations and support organization. Deploying phase – the developer deploys the core technology and site components, stabilizes the deployment, transitions the project to operations and support, and obtains final customer approval of the project. After the deployment, the developer conducts a project review and a customer satisfaction survey. During this phase, the developer tested the usability of the students’ portal and determined whether it has achieved the requirements of the University that are identified during the envisioning stage by letting some selected persons from the proposed users/customers. The deployment complete milestone culminates the deploying phase.

American Revolution vs. French Revolution

American Revolution vs. French Revolution From studying and learning about both revolutions, I guess you could say they had their similarities; they both had good intentions did they not? Both the Americans and the French people hungered for a new way of life, change is what they wanted. Change is indeed what they received. The American Revolution, to me, seemed more organized and well handled than the French Revolution. The Americans were tired of being under the British’s control, especially when the British tried forcing the American colonies to pay for the British army’s expenses in defending the colonists during the Seven Year War.The attempt to raise new taxes by the Stamp Act in 1765 led to riots and the law’s rapid appeal. The colonist disagreed with the British beliefs, that a single empire with Parliament as the supreme authority. The colonists were more comfortable with neither the king or Parliament interfering with their internal affairs and that no tax could be levied wit hout the consent of the people or their chosen representatives. The American colonists felt in 1776 that it was time to separate themselves from the Britain’s control.On July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress released a declaration written by Thomas Jefferson. The Declaration of Independence, a page of parchment, had started the war for American Independence. The Second Continental Congress then authorized the formation of the Continental Army under George Washington’s command. Washington was the best choice for the job because he had political experience and military experience in the French and Indian War. The French were eager to gain revenge for earlier defeats from the British, so they supplied weapons and money to the American colonies at the beginning of the war.Some French officers even fought along the Americans side against the British. I think at the time, this was the best alternative for the 13 American colonies. They achieved their independence as the United States of America; put together the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. It seemed to have worked out for them at the time. The main cause of the French Revolution was the differences between the three social classes that existed in France at that time. There was a severe amount of injustice in the tax system.The third estate paid the highest taxes, while the first estate was exempted from paying the French chiefs taxes (taille). The second estate was excused from paying any and all taxes. The rent for the Third Estate was raised. Consumer prices rose faster than wages, enabling peoples economic ability to pay. Although the third estate made up most of the population of France, it owned less land than the first and second estate. An immediate cause of the French revolution was the near collapse of the government finances.French governmental expenditures continued to grow due to costly wars and royal extravagances. On the verge of complete financial collapse, the government called a meeting of the Estates-General. The Estates disagreed with how the Third Estate wanted to vote, therefore, the Third Estate voted to constitute itself a national assembly and decided to draw up a constitution. The results to this was finding themselves locked out of the usual meeting place, so they made the Tennis Court Oath that they would continue to meet until they produced a French constitution.These actions by the third estate were said to be the first step into the French Revolution. The king sided with the first and second estate but the common people came together with many uprisings in the summer of 1789, one in particular was the Fall of Bastille, an attack on a royal armory, which had also been a state prison. The National Assembly voted to abolish seigniorial rights as well as the fiscal privileges of nobles, clergy, towns, and provinces.On August 26, 1789, the assembly provided the ideological foundation for its actions and an educational device for the nation by adopting the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. The king refused the decrees on abolition of feudalism and the Declaration of Rights, but after some Parisian women threatened the royal family, King Lou is XVI changed his mind. By 1791, the National Assembly completed a new constitution that established a limited constitutional monarchy. There was still a monarch: king of the French, but he enjoyed few powers not subject to review by the new Legislature Assembly.The Legislature Assembly would sit for two years; consist of 745 representatives chosen by an indirect system of election. The king attempted to flee, but was captured and brought back to Paris. Surrounding countries feared that the French behavior and rebellion would spread to their land, so those leaders planned to force the reestablishment of the monarchy authority in France. This just brought on more fire to the French. The political groups in Paris rose against the king and the Legislature Assembly.They organized a mob attack on the royal palace, took the king captive, and forced the assembly to suspend the monarchy and call for a national convention to decide on the future form of government. The first step the Convention took was to abolish the monarch and establish republic. They also passed a decree condemning Louis XVI to death. A nation in arms was put together, very quickly. It was a â€Å"people’s† war, the entire nation was involved in the war. I’m not even sure where or when the French Revolution ends, its ever-lasting it seems.

Water level determination, measurement and datums Essay

Water level determination, measurement and datums - Essay Example Moreover, by performing all these activities, the exact location to extract ground water for irrigation purposes might be analysed effectively. However, if the exact place might be evaluated then many other processes of agriculture as well as human requirements might be improved to a significant extent. Therefore, due to all these purposes, the process of sea level measurement, changes of atmospheric pressure, winds, topographical changes, alteration of oscillations etc are calculated with high attention in these recent years as compared to prior age. The rationale of this essay is to analyse the importance and effectiveness of water level determination, tidal water measurements as well as datums. However, the entire essay is divided into four parts, introduction, discussion, analysis and conclusion. The level of sea is not uniform. It varies with time and distance and it’s mainly due to its steady motion. However, the motion of the sea is highly influenced by winds, tidal waves, atmospheric pressure, temperature, gravitational forces and many other forces of nature. Therefore, due to the presence of numerous uncertain forces and pressure influencing the level of water, a highly inventive technology named GPS Buoys is utilised. GPS Buoys is a sort of wave antenna of extremely light-weight used to analyse, whether the level of water in the sea is increasing or not. The prime purpose to utilise such type of instruments is to analyse the environment and the measurement of tidal waves. However, if any sort of difficult scenario arises, then it would surely get highlighted within this device and the engineers and the sea surveyors might take corrective actions for it. However, due to global warming, the ice caps or snows in high mountain peaks are melting at a rapid pace and this is increasing the level of water. But, due to increase of water level, the rate of dry land is decreasing and such a scenario

Comparison of the physiology of CNS and other Body Parts Essay - 1

Comparison of the physiology of CNS and other Body Parts - Essay Example During the diagnosis and the treatment of these conditions, medical pathologists will point out the microscopic as well as the gross changes in the appearance of tissues and cells; they check the biochemical changes that are evident in different areas, including body fluids like urine and blood. The Central Nervous System (CNS) is made up of the spinal cord, the brain, sensory organs, as well as the rest of the nerves that link these organs with other parts of the body (Rask, 1999). The CNS has certain characteristics that make its pathological processes different from the rest of the body. Most important, the organ is located in the spinal column and a bony skull, which makes it difficult to expand like many other organs in the body. In addition, the fact that the brain is contained in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and lacks the typical lymphatic system significantly limits its immunologic capability. This structural uniqueness, also, means that the manner in which CNS responds to heali ng is different from the rest of the body. Some of the keys characteristics of CNS that makes it different from the rest of the body organisms include the non-regenerative ability of the neuron which is its functional unit; the complexity of function and structure; the concept of blood-brain barrier; and Glial framework instead of fibroblastic (Seiffert et al., 2004). The brain is made up of millions of neurons, which are classified as either motor, sensory or autonomic (McCorry, 2007). The pathological processes in different neurons differ depending on their neuronal interconnections, differences in morphology, electrical and metabolic activities and neurotransmitter type, among many others. These differences cause selective exposure of some neurons to pathological problems such as neurodegenerative and hypoxia diseases.

Alternatives to formal compulsory schooling Essay

Alternatives to formal compulsory schooling - Essay Example As Illich claims, almost all high cost educational programs that launched in the US were failure. They could not make any notable improvement in the learning of the marginalized children. A comparison with their classmates who are from middle income families reveals that they have further fallen back. The reasons for the failure of such programs were that the allocated fund, though it seemed to be huge, was insufficient to improve the performance of children who outnumbered the amount. Moreover, the fund was not concentrated only on the poor children; the children from upper class also had a share from it. In order to make such programs a success, the fund must be directed to the beneficiary, allowing them to buy their share to be utilized at their will. In the words of the writer, neither in North America nor in Latin America the poor get equality from universal education. One of the basic objectives of universal education is to provide a child with his social responsibilities. Even after being educated, the mindset of the people is not changed, so, the legacy of compulsory education must be questioned and judged severely. Across the world, especially in the US, the school has an anti-educational effect on the society as the schools deviated from its basic cause for which they were set up. Nowadays, people regard education as very costly, very complex and an impossible affair due to the failures of the schools. The monopoly of imparting education is not bestowed only on schools, but schools discourage other institutions from assuming educational tasks. The Supreme Court Justice William Douglas opines that â€Å"the only way to establish an institution is to finance it† (Illich). This is true in the case of schools that only by channeling dollar away from the parents the schools admit students. In the US, the per capita rate for a school has increased in such a way that for the past couple of years the rate of increase was unbearable. This phenomenon is apparent among the private schools and only rich parents can afford private education for their children. Thus, compulsory welfare may lead to further impoverishment. Obligated schooling divided the society and graded it according to an education based caste system. Societies are considered as castes and distinction is made by the average years of schooling by the members. What is happening in the school is a person learns a given skill with the largest expenditure of public funds that too for the attainment of a diploma which has no relation to any useful skill or job. According to Illich, schools provide neither justice nor learning, because the educators are adamant on a package of instructions with certification. Schools provide links to one’s roles in the society, but fail to make them efficiently play their roles. Aside from this, schools hold back instructions to those students whose every step in learning suits formerly approved measures of social control. Pupils are not given adequate opportunity for enhancing their skills with the help of a right teacher who can highly motivate them without the constraints of curriculum. Skill learning for inventive and creative behavior must be promoted by institutional arrangement, though they are often opposed nature. Schools are performing badly because they fail to distinguish between learning and education. Schools confuse teaching with learning, education with grade advancement and fluency with the ability to speak

Political changes in Europe due to the Rennaissance Essay

Political changes in Europe due to the Rennaissance - Essay Example The individual fame and development of trade and commerce became the main force that changed the political thinking and consequently the political history of Europe. Renaissance period is also known for consolidation of political power through the increased trade and commerce activities and consolidation. ‘Renaissance had brought an end for the most part to feudalism, the medieval form of political organization’ (Renaissance). The various Italian cities went for self rule and Monarchies also consolidated their position and political power through matrimonial alliances. Eminent diplomat and writer Leonardo Bruni believed in the representative form of government that was inclined towards the welfare of the society and encouraged patriotism. The period saw dramatic changes in the political, social and cultural environment of Europe that was based on scientific and cultural interpretation rather than religious orthodoxy. Discovery of new land by Vasco de Gama and Columbus greatly helped in the expansion of European power across the globe. England, France, Portugal, Italy and Germany all tried to establish their rule in far flung places like Africa, Asia and New America. The tradition of owning man as slaves was also started during the time and slaves from Africa were transported to America to be used as free thus establishing slavery. The renaissance is also known as an age of enlightenment because of the rebirth of cultural and literary supremacy of the Europe. The revolutionary political philosophy of Machiavelli is the highlight of the period who believed that the end justified the act. The decline of Roman Catholic Church can be contributed mainly to the philosophy of Bruni and Machialvelli, both of whom believed that religion and politics are two separate issues. Renaissance also saw the emergence of women in the corridor of power of the European

Relations between the Sexes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Relations between the Sexes - Essay Example James Joyce is one of the authors who successfully depicted the relationship between the different sexes in his book titled Dubliners. The book comprises of different short stories, and many of the stories highlight the relationship between men and women in Dublin. In addition, Fritz Lang also depicted the relationship between different sexes in the movie titled Metropolis.   James Joyce authored stories that belong to the Victorian period. Although the book was first published in 1914, James Joyce had been writing most of the stories before that period. Therefore, many of the stories are estimated to have been written in the Victorian period, which spanned between 1840 to early 1900s. During this era, there were distinctive roles for men and women. The Victorian society had societal ideals that defined the relationship between the two sexes. In the story titled â€Å"A Mother†, Joyce tells the story of Miss Devlin, who eventually became Mrs. Kearney after marriage. Joyce introduces us to Mrs. Kearney, who settled down with Mr. Kearney a man older than she was because most of the young men she met did not have the capacity to give her a better life. Joyce depicts her as a perfect Victorian woman in the home setting because she takes care of her homestead, daughters, and husband (Schwarze 2002, p. 67). However, Mrs. Kearney is well educated unlike o ther women of the Victorian era. Joyce introduces the reader to some men in the society who had a lower place than Mrs. Kearney did. From the confusion exhibited by Mr. Holohan, it becomes evident that Mrs. Kearney is more intelligent than him. She is the one who helps him out with organizing his work and determining the right artist for each event. However, Mrs. Kearney respects her husband because she felt secure and protected with him.  Ã‚  

Regulations and policies for domestic flights in Canada (airline Research Paper

Regulations and policies for domestic flights in Canada (airline industry in Canada) - Research Paper Example vernment could decide to regulate the Domestic Airlines’ operations: the commonest ones include the need for transparency in airlines’ activities. The airlines are expected to be open and frank about their records, information systems and quality of services. This would assist the appropriate governmental agency to periodically investigate the level of conformity with Canada’s Air Transport Laws, in a bid to make the industry to be responsible towards the customers and the public in general (Reschenthaler et al 45). Another significant purpose for regulating the domestic airlines is the possibility of reducing the administrative burdens of the carriers: this means that cumbersome bureaucratic processes could increase the overhead cost of operations of the carriers, and this may lead to inefficiency and poor performance that could affect the activities of the airlines and make the customers discontented. If the Canadian government has failed to regulate the Domestic Airlines, the two important factors highlighted above may have caused unprecedented market failure and eventual collapse of Canada’s airline industry. Complaints have been mounting about some laxities in the operations of the Canada’s domestic carriers: and a close investigation of the complaints revealed that most problems are not unconnected to the inability to create transparency in operation of the carriers and cumbersome bureaucratic processes in the industry. The official agency saddled with the responsibility of regulating the activities of the domestic airlines in Canada is Canadian Transportation Agency, CTA. The agency primary responsibilities include handling and resolving all disputes connected with air transportation; improving the air transportation activities and, as a regulator, making helpful decisions about the operations in the air, rail and marine transportation (CTA 2009a). Canadian Transportation Agency got its legal regulatory powers from Canada’s Air Transportation

Analysis and your opinions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analysis and your opinions - Essay Example Yet, he is the one to produce conscious moral difference between good and evil. Uncontrollable and shameless desires make him insane eventually and that is the main point Socrates presents in his theory. Callicles also elaborated a philosophical notion for us, desires if satisfied can generate happiness and if they can not satisfy some of the desires or wishes then power produces insanity. The insanity to attain the unattainable by any means and this perspective is guilt proof, which produces further fantasy based ideas. Gaddafi would be called a servant of his desire, who would jump from one desire to the other to gain happiness and would eventually end up being more frustrated instead of contended. The logic I comprehend in this response is that happiness is neither linked to power nor to the achievement of desires. Secondly, soul or morality of a person defines his comprehension of justified acts. When one person has dissuaded his soul with persistent torturing and violent acts, how would he be able to feel joy or pleasure and when he will not be able to feel it, he will indulge in more devilish acts to attain the sentiment of happiness. Student 2: The desire is the main criteria of measuring the evilness of the dictator. Illicit sexual desires and advances also lead to illegal attainment of such pleasures. Again, when such actions are taken by a person he never gets enough of it, the desire increases and the spiral (of desires) against him gets

Found Dog Flyer Essay Example for Free

Found Dog Flyer Essay According 2013 IPCC Status Report on Climate Change, climate change is occurring due to global warming. Observational evidence is coming back from all continents and most oceans, And it shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes particularly temperature increases. There is much scientific data backing the (intergovernmental panel on climate change) with conclusions and facts, based on changes in weather patterns (increasing temperatures, changes in snow and ice including, permafrost) also according to findings there is a high confidence that natural water systems, are also affected including, enlargement and increased numbers of glacial lakes, settlements in mountain regions are at high risk of outburst floods caused by melting glaciers. Governmental institutions in some areas are responding to the problems caused by global climate changes by building drainage networks and dams. The climate changes also lead to increasing volatility in storms and wild fires, droughts, and reduced energy demand’s and increasing sea levels. The aspects of climate change we are certain of are as follows, increased water availability in moist tropics and high latitudes, and decreasing water availability and increasing drought in mid-latitudes and semi-arid low latitudes, hundreds of millions of people exposed to increased water stress causing localized negative impacts on small business and coastal areas, and increased damage from floods and storms, and leading to erosion in coastal areas in addition based on satellite observations since the early 1980s there is high confidence that there has been a trend in many regions towards earlier â€Å"greening† ( measured by the normalized difference vegetation index) Of vegetation in the spring linked to longer thermal growing seasons due to recent warming. About which we are uncertain is many of the long term effects of climate change. The main factors determining climate change are carbon dioxide and pH levels in the environment, and are mainly a result of human activity with factors  such as carbon emissions. The report states phenomenon and directions of trends and, passes assumptions based on past trends are believed to wide spread effects on water systems but not limited to in addition to food and water shortages, increased death food and water borne diseases and wide spread erosion. Many assumptions are made based solely on passed trends I feel some of are inconclusive due to the lack of data in the report to support. And in conclusion This is my first time in a college class like this and everything is new to me and I need a lot more research to draw any more conclusions, and I am uncertain of information that is missing to support more of the causes.

Intro to Ethics Study Guide Essay Example for Free

Intro to Ethics Study Guide Essay 1. social contract theory is to give up right to have a government, animals come in the public court of opinion. Animals are involved †¦ implicit †¦ it can be inferred they contribute to human beings and killing them would interfere with the balance in the ecosystem 2. virtue ethics-aristotle would argue that if you were to kill an animal without morality would be immoral. Using too much compassion or too little. Doing the right thing because it is the right thing. 1st categorical imperative. If that maxim is able to become a universal law. A maxim would be to care for animals 3. Util- it depends on the situation who it makes happy more who is satisfied? Can you do better with your time 2. If John has a day off from work and stays home all day getting drunk, then Utilitarianism would say that it is okay for john to do that seeing that he is home alone and he is not bothering anyone. His family and friends are not aware of what he is doing and he decided to get drunk which makes his happiness the highest. Yet, it must be considered what John could have done in that period of time that could have been most beneficial to the community. The morally right thing action brings the highest net or overall happiness which John did not provide. This brings up Hedonism where the right actions only have best results that are measured so the goal should be to maximize the total measure of happiness. John could have done other things throughout that day like volunteering at a hospital or visiting his family. According to Utilitarianism, John decided to get drunk which is not following through with the Utilitarian right of action by doing something that would give the most happiness. Morality is the effort to guide one’s conduct by reason and have the best reasons for doing them. So, if John’s drinking is not backed up with the best reasons possible for doing them, then John’s decision is not morally correct according to utilitarianism. 3. 4. We are obligated to keep our promises according to all four theories. Utilitarianism: If my happiness outweighs the net happiness of the person of whom I want to break the promise with, then utilitarianism would say that it is okay to break the promise seeing that it would give me the most amount of happiness. But, if you break that promise and continue to break promises you made to your friend, then that would eventually lead to your best friend being unhappy with you and break the friendship apart unless that friend does not care about broken promises. Kantian ethics: We should keep our promises because we are to act only according to that maxim by which it will at the same time become a universal law. If we were to promise to pay someone back and never planned to pay them back for real and broke that promise, then if that was to become a universal law no one would trusts each other or believe people when they say they will owe them back. Thus, this will break friendships and leave the world with broken promises. Social contract theory: depends if the person lying is doing something for good virtue ethics: practical wisdom on which virtue to use. Knowing what virtue to use in what situation. 5. Kant thought lying was immoral because our behavior should be guided by universal laws which are moral rules that hold true in all circumstances. Kant says that lying under any circumstances is â€Å"the obliteration of one’s dignity as a human being† Even a small white law is unacceptable. His argument consisted of it being okay to lie or lying becoming popular. You should act in a way if it was to become a universal law so this universal law of lying would lead to everyone lying and the purpose would be self-defeating, no one would believe each other, and no one would pay attention to what you say. Essentially, Kant believes that we should only do the actions that conform to rules that we would adopt universally. 7.virtue is a state of character that lies between by doing a virtuous act you will become virtuous because it will become a habit coward-courage 8. If known murder comes to your home searching your friend, A virtue theorist would tell the truth. Although he has virtues like loyalty and honesty which he want to keep true, I would have to choose between one or the other. Virtues are desired states of character that are also excellence that brings into good conditions therefore people strive to have these virtues. The friend must choose to whether tell the truth to the murderer which is a virtue of having honesty or tell a lie to the murderer to help his friend which is a virtue of loyalty to their friend. Although both virtues are important and one would not want to participate in the murder of their friend, a virtue theorist would essentially tell the murderer the truth since lying is treating a person as mere means because you are using them to lie instead of using them as endsvirtue is a state of character concerned with choice and so lying in a mean would be determined by the rational principle which can only be determined by a man of practical wisdom.-virtue looks for what is intermediate.

This Assignment Is About Collaborative Practice Nursing Essay

This Assignment Is About Collaborative Practice Nursing Essay The first part is this one (part A). It includes a practice scenario which I have been exploring in classroom sessions, to be discussed in terms how a policy likeour health our care our say, which influences service user involvement and integration of services; and how this relates to interprofessional working. For the second part (part B), a self-assessment of my level of development is required, using the provided self-assessment document which is related to the Interprofessional Capability Framework through reflections. Our health our care our say is the National Policy that I am going to examine in this assignment, to show how it influences interprofessional working with service users. It was published in January 2006 and it is aiming for more effective health and social care services outside hospital. Its logo is This policy is a new direction for community services. It sets out the governments vision for high quality support meeting peoples aspirations for independence and greater control over their lives, making service flexible and responsive to individual needs. That means that it targets for a person-centred environment in the health and care area. The scenario that I chose concerns Jane, a single young mother of two children, who was diagnosed with locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix. She underwent a radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node sampling and she is currently undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Jane habitually smokes and drinks. In the following part, the consequences of this patients behaviour are going to be analysed, since it seriously influences the results of her health care. ? MAIN PART As it was previously stated, this assignment is about the service user involvement and integration of services. A service user is essentially any individual who receives the impeccable, selfless and person-oriented service from the health and social care policy; if that policy is as perfect and person centred as they claim it to be, is a topic that will be analysed further along in this assignment. The level of the users involvement is heavily fluctuated. People should be encouraged to be involved in health care at levels that they are comfortable with, but at the same time be empowered through information, training and other support to get to the level of involvement to which they may aspire. (session) the service user should be able to make choices from a range of options. They cannot do this if they do not know what is available and whether they are entitled to it. For effectively delivering health and social care services, it is essential that professionals must work collaborative and the service user to be involved in their care. According to Hippocrates in the 5th BC; the role in the patient care is not exclusively part of physicians work, but patients must also participate in order for a smoother and less problematic cure to take place. This argument can be explicitly justified when observing a patient that displays non-compliance behaviour, since it makes the work for the cure of that patient almost impossible. In this case, Jane is the service user since she has been through a variety of services (assessed and treated by a physiotherapist, join a local smoking cessation group which is run by a small team of nurses and physiotherapists to support her in giving up smoking on a permanent basis, begin radiotherapy treatment and chemotherapy with cisplatin). Though, she is not active at all. With her attitude like missing her appointments in t he radiotherapy treatment, stop attending in the local cessation group for giving up smoking, she shows that she doesnt want to understand the importance of her treatment and how much is going to help her the cessation group to become well, in order to raise her children. Through interprofessional and collaborative working, professionals can take on a number of roles to promote this involvement. Collaborative working is about engaging in partnership with other professionals and those we care for (Whittington, 2003). Furthermore it can be argued that no profession by its own can meet all the needs of its service users. Nevertheless, by using the skills and expertise of all members of the multiisciplinary team in an integrated way, it can be ensured that all the needs of those people using the services are met. The significance of mutual respect in a working environment, as well as understanding and co-operation, with the combination of good communication and collaborative working is really important. It inevitably offers a person-centred environment, in which users of services experience high quality care that minimises risk and prohibits as far as possible serious mishaps and service breakdown. Wittington states in his work that, if there is no collaborative working between the health care professionals service isolation and fragmentation can result in lack of co-ordination, poor communication with service users, users spending longer periods away from home and increased service costs. (Wittington, 2003) Subsequently, for the Governments drive to shift the ideology from the requirements of the service to needs of the user, various key policy advancements have been established during the last few years, that altered the structure of the health and social care. Each development has greatly influence the manner that health and social care professionals conduct their service, the way the provision of services is provided and the experience of this service for the service user Our health our care our say is aiming to achieve four main goals. Firstly, it is aiming to provide better prevention services with earlier intervention in the health and social care services. This is going to be achieved by collaborative practice between the GP and Primary and Care Trusts (PCTs) with local government services, by having a personalised service which is going to advice and support the public (Makely, 2005). For example, cancer support services are providing advice and support, not only in the cancer patients but also to their families. In the cancer support services, there should be work specialist who can provide individual support. Secondly, it aims to give to people more choice and a louder voice by providing them the ability to choose and influence social and primary care. Briefly, one of the suggestions is to present a GP practice list to the public, thus giving them the choice to get the information they want and understand what services are available in their ar ea. For the people who are not so confident using this list there are going to be GP practices to offer face to face communication in opening times. According to the NHS website (NHS The National Centre for Involvement, 2008), on April 2008 the LINks (Local Involvement Networks) was set up. These are networks that are run by local people and groups, who inquire peoples opinion, whilst monitoring the delivery of care and using their authority to oblige service to account on their actions. This is helpful in the better understanding of what the community necessitated from the commissioners and the managers of health and care services. The other aim is to try to do more on tackling inequalities and improving access to community services. That means that local health and social care commissioners will work together to understand and address local inequalities. Again, forums, websites and networks like the LINks are going to help these care providers, allow councils to access a wide rang e of views, helping to develop care pathways and with this way is going to improve the services and help people who need specific care and support such as people with particular needs like mothers, ethnic minorities, people at the end of their lives and others to get the service that they require (NHS The National Centre for Involvement, 2008). And the final aim is to support more the people with long-term needs like people with disabilities. Because they need to have a clear understanding of their condition and what they can do, so they are more likely to take control of their lives. This aim is going to be achieved by developing a programme which is going to give the information that the people with longterm health and social care needs and by developing assistive technologies to support these people in their own homes. For this aim, collaborative working will be necessary, since they have to deal with not only with health problems of the people with long-term needs but also with social problems. (Makely, 2005) A variety of professionals like psychologists, physicians, social supporters, counsellors are going to contribute in the best support of these people. Our health our care our say policy explores a variety of aspects on Janes story. It mostly covers general health and social issues. For example, the fact that Jane is a single mum and she does not work, the above policy is aiming to help these kind of people, by supporting them and finding them the appropriate service to help them. Despite the fact that Jane believes that she does not need any help from any support worker, I think a guidance and some financial support, will enable her to trust the system and make her keen in listening the professionals. Moreover, Jane smokes and drinks which aggravates her health problems considerably. It has been suggested to her, to go to local cessation group which was running by small team of nurses and physiotherapists, but she stopped attending to that appointments. Collaborative working between the services is necessary since they inform each other that Jane does not attend to that local group and in the radiotherapy treatment she misses a lot of appointments. The professionals that have worked with Jane, observed that changes mood and she sometimes goes to treatment drunk and she has an non- compliance behaviour. All this information is probably going to be discussed in MDT meetings, so they find some ways to help this mother so that she can realise the importance of her treatment. From Janes story, it is evident that even the radiotherapists want to help her, but they cannot, because as a free-will individual she demonstrates her unwillingness to not follow the instructions of the professionals and not listening at all what the professionals are telling her. It is evident therefore that, for effectively delivering health and social care services, is vital that professionals must work collaboratively and the service users to be actively involved in their own personal care. This position has been empirically accepted as a better method for conducting health and social care. The abovementioned, can be observed in the advancements made during recent years, as a result of carefully driven policies which tend to support public awareness of their medical condition, and encourages patient involvement in the process of their care. These policies also sustain that local inequalities should be eradicated, mainly through giving a stronger voice to patients; in this way enforcing patient involvement in their personal care. Nonetheless, despite the fact that these reform policies have introduced a considerable level of improvement towards a better health and social policy, the idea of a service user receiving the impeccable and ideal health care (ment ioned in the begging of the assignment) is still a long way to go. This is proven by genuine case studies like Janes, which is a great example of the ineffectiveness that some parts of the social and health care currently display. But one must take into account the progress of these policies, and anticipate even more improvement in the health care plan with the introduction of new policies, so that people like Jane can enjoy an effective health care. ? PART B REFLECTION ON MY DEVELOPEMENT NEEDS DOMAIN: Collaborative Working Description: During my placement, I had been asked to take an old lady in the transport services, since the support workers were busy. In the way to the transport services, the old lady said that she was feeling sick, and she threw up. At the same time a radiotherapist came and she asked me to help her with the care of this patient. I brought her some medication from the pharmacy. The radiotherapist then assigned me the responsibility to stay with her and take care of her, because she was needed to work back in the treatment machine. When I was sure that the patient could be left alone for a couple of minutes, I went to the reception and informed them on what happened and made sure that they were going to contact the transport services. The transport services arranged it and when the patient felt better, they took her home. Feelings: I felt proud for myself since I acted responsibly. I used my interpersonal skills and communicated successfully with the reception, so the transport services would be aware of the situation in time and arrange transport for the patient. Evaluation and analysis: Feeling the need to take the responsibility and take care the old lady, shows that I am more confident about myself and my skills. Also, the fact that the radiotherapist assigned me the care of the patient, demonstrates that she knew my skills and she believed in me. By accomplishing successfully this task I showed that I develop my interpersonal skills by communicate reception and make sure that the lady will go home safely without causing any trouble to other patients. Now I am able to say that I met the capability CW2 L1 Recognises the need for effective interpersonal skills to enhance person focused service. In the action plan (appendix) I introduced a series of actions to accomplish the Level 3 of this capability. DOMAIN: Reflection Description Feelings: I was observing, a radiotherapist doing a first day patient chat when the radiotherapist realised that the patient was not well informed about the side effects of the treatment since the doctor never talked about it. I was annoyed , when I realised that the patient signed the consent form but he did not know about the side effects since it is a big impact in patient life during and after radiotherapy, so I asked the radiotherapist after the patient left, why the doctor did not inform the patient and if that was appropriate. The radiotherapist told me that the specific doctor does it, because he knows that the radiotherapists are going to repeat the side effects. But it is still not appropriate since the patient must be well informed and fully aware before signing anything. Evaluation and analysis: I was aware of what the patient should know about his treatment when he is coming for the first day chat, is because I have seen a variety of first day chats and I had been in the clinics for a while with the doctor and the patients will they were signing the consent forms. It is showed that the experience I had help me to critical appraise the situation and ask for explanations why the patient was not aware properly. After this incident, I can prove that I am able to say that I met the capability R2 L1 Is aware of evidence-based practice in service delivery. DOMAIN: Cultural Awareness Ethical Practice Description: A patient needed a translator to communicate with us in the department. It was the first time I was in that situation and I observed what everybody did for that. They were using body language while they were speaking slowly. I was the one who brought the patient in the room. I was not aware of the situation of the patient and when I realised that he did not know any English I was shocked, however I did not show it and I waited to see how that situation would continue and how the staff and doctors would react. I escorted the patient into the room and identified him (Name, date of birth and first line of his address). Feelings: In the beginning, I did not know how to react in this kind of situation. When I was identifying the patient, I did not know where I should look at when I was making the questions, the patient or the translator? So I thought carefully what was more appropriate and I tried to watch both of them while I was identifying the patient, but mostly I was looking the patient since he was the service user. Evaluation and analysis: I found it quite a nice experience, mainly because it was surprised me the whole situation. In clinic room I was observing carefully what is going around me and how everybody was reacting so by the end of the meeting between the patient and the doctor, I would know how to react properly, too. I liked the way I reacted when I realised that the patient was not speaking English. I stayed calm and I reacted the way I was going to react with every other patient. I checked his ID and asked how he was feeling. I just felt a little uncomfortable when I didnt know where to look, the patient or the interpreter, so I was trying to look both of them. From the way that the doctor was reacting I learnt that I should look directly at the patient and talk to him. Nevertheless, there is a need to speak slower with more pauses so that the interpreter can translate correctly. Now I am able to say that I met the capability CAEP2 L1 Recognises examples where participation and inf ormed decision are critical in promoting the well being of people who use services and I have made an action plan for further development. DOMAIN: Organisational Competence Description Feelings: Last year, in the IIP module we worked through some activities. One of the activities was to get a scenario of a patient story and from there to conclude which services the patient should visit. With this activity, every member of the team was identifying his role in the scenario and from there we understand each others role in order to treat the patient. I was surprised by the knowledge that I gained with that activity. I learnt about the other professions role in the health and care community. Evaluation and analysis: It was satisfying gaining knowledge through activities. Now I am able to suggest to a patient which of the services to use to get the appropriate care for his/her problem. In addition for further development of my skills I made an action plan. (appendix). I met the capability OC2 L1 Is aware of team structures within the community of practice. ?

Ozone and Global Environmental Politics Essay examples -- pollution gl

Ozone and Global Environmental Politics A thin layer of gas called atmosphere surrounds the Earth. The atmosphere serves two important purposes: it is a filter for the suns dangerous ultraviolet radiation rays and keeps the heat, necessary to maintain life on earth, within the stratosphere (Vorlat 361). Ultraviolet light is incredibly dangerous to all the organisms within the Earth's ecosystem because it causes skin cancer, effects the immune system, and harms plant and animal life. For that reason the atmosphere and the ozone layer within it are crucial to a stable life on this planet. The ozone layer is in danger, however. It is facing depletion by a toxic man-made substance called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Together the international community is working through treaties and conventions to stop this environmental problem. To understand the problem behind ozone depletion we first must understand what ozone is and how it works. Ozone is a thin protective layer that starts nine miles up in the air and continues up in the sky thirty-one miles (Kellner 20). It serves as a screen against the sun’s harmful UV rays by protecting plants and animals, as well as people from skin cancer, immune system problems, and eye disorders, such as cataracts (Ozone Treaties). Ozone is a gas, often a bluish color, made up of three oxygen atoms instead of the typical two. Ozone forms when solar ultraviolet rays and oxygen molecules meet. The result of the meeting is free oxygen molecules that form to regular oxygen molecules to create ozone molecules. Thus the process repeats (Vorlat 361). So in essence the sun’s rays are destroying oxygen molecules to create the ozone that is going to serve as a filter for the planet... ...nment Programme. (1997) The Climate Change Convention. New York, New York. United Nations Department of Public Information. United Nations, Press Release. (1999, March 16) 84 Countries Now Signed on to Kyoto Protocol. [on-line] http://www.unfccc.de/fccc/conv/presskp.html. Vorlat, Katrien. "The Chemistry of the Atmosphere." International Environmental Law Anthology. Ed. Anthony D'Amato and Kristen Engel. Cincinnati: Anderson, 1996. Warrik, J. (1998, November 15) 160 Nations Endorse Pact on GlobalWarming Compliance; Accord Speeds Up Timetable for ‘Action Plan’ on Environment. Washinton Post. [on-line]http://newslibrary.krmediastream.com/cgi- bin/document/wp_auth?DBLIST=wp98&DOCNUM=61971. Wysham, Daphne. â€Å"On Eve of Clinton Visit World Bank Grants China $330 Million for High Polluting Coal Project.† 25 June 1998. http://www.igc.org/coc/bwi081.html

Asian Crisis Essay -- essays research papers

The financial crisis that erupted in Asia in mid-1997 has led to sharp declines in the currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices of a number of Asian countries. It is hard to understand what these declines will actually do to the world market. This decline is expected to halve the rate of world growth in 1998 from the four percent that was projected pre-crisis to an estimated outcome of about 2 percent. The countries that are included in the East Asian crisis, known as "Tiger" economies, are Hong Kong, Indonesia, South Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand. For these countries to participate effectively in the exchange of goods, services, and assets, an international monetary system is needed to facilitate economic transactions. To be effective in facilitating movement in goods, services, and assets, a monetary system most importantly requires an efficient balance of payments adjustment mechanism so that deficits and surpluses are not prolonged but are eliminated with relative ease in a reasonably short time period. The Asian crisis of recent falls into this category of inefficient balance of payments facilitated by depreciation of its currency. By competitively depreciating its currencies, Asia is exporting its deflation, its overcapacity and its lack of growth to the West, particularly to the US. History The past ten or fifteen years have seen an unprecedented expansion in the extent to which the countries of the world are tied ...

The Scarlet Sharer :: essays research papers

The Secret Sharer written by Joseph Conrad, centers around a character of a sea captain. Its title and opening paragraphs forecast a story of mystery, isolation, duality, darkness and silence. The novel proves true these predictions reveling thematic and image patterns directly proportional to them. The opening of the novel further reveals dialectics in the novel. The clash between the private and the public world or man versus society, in other words is the primary dialectic. The journey theme or the rite of passage theme also reveal themselves. We see a young and inexperienced captain grow and explore himself and the world around him, and in the process becoming a functional member of a society. The novella may be only fifty pages long but its words speak volumes.The first indication of a course that a novel may take is its title. The three little words contained in the title give rise to many interpretations. An image generated by the title could be that of a gossip. Since a gossip is someone who tells people's secrets, or in other words is a secret sharer if the word secret is taken for a noun, it is a possibility that this image might come to mind. Another image is that of a person who shares in secrecy, therefore becoming a secret sharer, if the word secret is taken for an adjective. This could be an image of a miser, who generally does not share his wealth, but does so only in secrecy. A secret sharer could also be an imaginary friend. It would be a person who is secretive, and you share your thoughts with them. A Biblical interpretation of the secret sharer could be that of the snake in the garden of Eden. Since the snake shares the ultimate secret of knowledge with Adam and Eve, it could be considered a secret sharer.The connotations of the two main words in the title show a contradiction. A secret has a mysterious somewhat evil connotation, while a sharer has a benevolent and good connotation. This gives rise to a possibility of a good and evil dialectic. The denotation of secret is something kept private, sharing is, however, a public act. This brings to light the dialectic of the public versus the private world.The opening paragraphs bring to life the world of the work. The place where the characters move and have their being is a sail ship in this novel.

Argumentative Essay on Cervical Cancer

Shelley Miller Dr. Ashli Dykes Composition 1 12 November 2012 Cervical Cancer Cervical cancer is a cancer that starts in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus, which opens at the top of the vagina. It occurs when abnormal cells on the cervix grow out of control. Cervical cancer can often be successfully treated when it is found early. It is usually fount at a very early stage through a pap-test. Cervical cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the world. Routine pap-smears, in the United States, have narrowed down the disease, unlike other countries.This disease starts in the cells on the surface of the cervix. Of the two types of cells, on the surface of the cervix, squamous and columnar, the majority of cervical cancers form on the squamous cells. It is a slow developing disease. It starts out as dysplasia, a pre-cancerous condition. Normally a pap-smear can detect the pre-cancerous condition. If left undetected, over years, a pre-cancerous condition can turn into cerv ical cancer. In most circumstances, women who have routine pap-smears normally do not get cervical cancer (PubMed Health).The most recent statistic numbers available are from the year 2008. There were 12,410 women in the United States diagnosed with cervical cancer. Out of all those women, 4,008 of them died from the disease. These incidents and death counts cover approximately 100% of the U. S. population in 2008. The famous Greek physician, Hippocrates, was the first to write about cervical cancer in 400BCE; although, he could identify the disease, he declared it incurable. In the following twenty-five centuries, many women died from this disease. Dr. Hinselmann invented the colposcope in 1925.The colposcope allowed doctors to examine the cervix more closely, which allowed them to check for abnormalities. The closer examinations meant that some cancers were found in time for surgery to be successful. The pap-smear was named after Georgios Papanikolaou, who in 1928, found that he c ould identify abnormal cells taken from the surface of the cervix. Since its invention in 1943, this procedure has saved many lives all around the world. It’s estimated that if a woman’s cervical cancer is diagnosed by a Pap smear, rather than before symptoms appear, she has a 92% chance of a full recovery.If she waits for signs of disease before going to the doctor, her chance of survival drops to 66%. More than 70% of women who die from cervical cancer have not had a Pap smear within the last five years. It’s recommended that all women between the ages of 21 and 60 have a smear test every three to five years, although if a woman has never been sexually active, the test is not necessary. Epidemiologists, in the early twentieth century, noticed that cervical cancer shared many characteristics of a STD (sexually transmitted disease) (Yukozimo).Although there are normally no signs of early stages in cervical cancer, the symptoms that may occur are similar to those of a STD. Symptoms of cervical cancer are abnormal vaginal bleeding, continuous vaginal discharge, and/or abnormal periods. Abnormal vaginal bleeding can or may include between periods, after intercourse, or after menopause. Periods may be abnormal if they become heavier or last longer than usual. Vaginal discharge may be â€Å"pale, watery, pink, brown, bloody, or foul-smelling. † Another easy to recognize symptom, of early stages, is pain during intercourse.Patients with cervical cancer generally start having problems when it advances and spreads to nearby tissue. It may spread to the bladder, lungs, intestines, and liver. If the cancer spreads, the symptoms become more noticeable and serious. The symptoms of advanced cervical cancer includes back pain, bone pain or fractures, fatigue, difficulty urinating, pain when urinating or blood in urine, as well as, leaking of urine or feces from vagina, leg pain, loss of weight and appetite, pelvic pain, single swollen leg, and/or weight loss (PubMed Health).Other symptoms of advanced cervical cancer are diarrhea, or pain or bleeding from the rectum upon defecation, fatigue, and general feeling of illness, and a swollen abdomen, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. (WebM. D. ) Most cervical cancer cases start out as HPV (Human papilloma virus), which is a common virus spread through sexual intercourse. There are many types of HPV; however, not all types lead to cervical cancer. Increased risks for cervical cancer can be determined by a woman’s sexual habits.Having sex at a young age, multiple sex partners, or having multiple partners who participate in high risk sexual activities are all examples of risky sexual habits. Other risk factors include poor economic statue, not getting the HPV vaccine, weakened immune system, and being born to a mother who took the DES drug (diethylstilbestrol, which prevented miscarriages), while pregnant. There are many different types of treatment for cervical cancer but it depends on several things like what stage the cancer is in, size and/or shape of the tumor, the age of a woman, her general health, and her desire of having more children later on.Destroying or removing the pancreas or cancerous tissue can cure cervical cancer in its early stages. There are other types of treatments, involving surgery, which can be done without destroying the uterus or damaging the cervix so that, in the future, a woman can have other children. LEEP (loop electrosurgical excision procedure), cryotherapy, or laser therapy, are the types of surgeries that can be done; however, they are only effective if the cancer is caught at an early stage. Leep uses electricity to remove abnormal tissue, cryotherapy freezes abnormal cells, and laser therapy uses light to burn abnormal cells.A hysterectomy is a more intense surgery used to cure cervical cancer. It works by removing the uterus but not the ovaries. This surgery is usually performed in result of multiple failed LEEP procedures. There are more advanced treatments for those whose cervical cancer is later detected. These procedures are radical hysterectomy and pelvic exenteration. A radical hysterectomy consists of removing the uterus as well as the surrounding tissues, which include the lymph nodes and the upper part of the vagina.The pelvic exenteration is an extreme type of surgery in which all of the organs of the pelvis, including the bladder and rectum, are removed. In some cases when the cancer has spread beyond the pelvis or has returned, forms of radiation therapy are used. There are two forms of radiation therapy used: internal and external. Internal radiation therapy uses a device filled with radioactive material, which is placed inside the woman's vagina next to the cervical cancer. The device is removed when she goes home. External radiation therapy beams radiation from a large machine onto the body where the cancer is located.It is similar to an x-ray (PubMed Health) In conclusion, cervical cancer is a serious condition in which the medical field has been experimenting with and developing cures for throughout the years. The advances made in this study, since it was discovered in 1943, are remarkable. Due to the developments of tests and treatments for this disease, the amount of women who die from it, has decreased greatly. Hopefully in the years to come, researchers will find a way to make cervical cancer extinct. Work Cited â€Å"Cervical Cancer. † PubMed Health. A. D. A. M. , Inc. 2012.Web. 10 November 2012. www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001895/ â€Å"Cervical Cancer Health Center. † New York, NY. WebMD. WebMD, LLC. 2005-2012. Web. 07 November 2012. www. webmd. com/cancer/cervical-cancer/default. htm Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. â€Å"Cervical Cancer Statistics. † CDC. Web. 08 November 2012. www. cdc. gov/cancer/cervical/statistics â€Å"Who Discovered Cervical Cancer? † Yukozimo. Web. 12 November 2012. www. discovery. yukozimo. com/who-discovered-cervical-cancer/

Model: African Culture Essay

A critical assessment of the Zulu association reveals their belief that if the necessary resources for human immunodeficiency virus/ assist blockion, c be, and reinforcer are avail adequate to(p), accessible, swallow upable, and affordable, they would make optimistic decisions and actions regarding the disease and its effects (Gumede & Dalrymple, 2004). Additionally, the entrust that their signal of states openness in discussing human immunodeficiency virus/ aid issues influences impressive policies to soften the epidemic. They also study the open utterances by the president help heap accept those infected and affected by HIV/ assist as dignified confederacy members hence decreasing the associated stigma.Accordingly, the role compete by government policies is recognized by the Zulu confederation as the force rear end the consistently reducing HIV/ support incidence and prevalence (Airhihenbuwa & Webster, 2004). Existential enablers As for the existential enablers, the community believes that they can hold on HIV/AIDS, dole out, and support the victims by utilizing the traditionally available resources that are accessible, acceptable, and affordable to the incident family faced by the challenge (Airhihenbuwa & Webster, 2004).It is unpatterned that the Zulu traditional medicinemen have formulated many herbal regimen which the community members believe treat HIV. However, this treatment is currently nether clinical tests at the South African Medical Research Council and its initial results are promising. Negative enablers The Zulus hold the belief that the scarcity and costly nature of particular resources take for effective pr regular(a)tion, forethought and support of HIV/AIDS impact negatively on their decisions and actions in controlling this epidemic (Airhihenbuwa & Webster, 2004).Moreover, they believe that the reluctance of their religious leaders to openly discuss HIV and AIDS contributes to increase the stigma on those infected and/o r affected by the disease. Furthermore, the aspect of people blaming the infection on others also impacts negatively on the Zulus as in such(prenominal) cases of blame-game no one takes the initiative to prevent HIV transmission or even care or support the victims (Gumede & Dalrymple, 2004). In like manner, the failure of the government to circularise enough Anti-retroviral drugs (ARVs) to those living with HIV/AIDS explicitly creates a disenabling atmosphere for effective addressing of HIV/AIDS.Notably, the Zulu people who refuse to be tested for HIV cited the unavailability of ARVs as their reason for declining. Concisely, the health educator, upon assessing and recognizing the health needs, strengths, and weaknesses of the community concerning HIV/AIDS prevention and care according to the enablers discussed above, will be able to prioritize, plan, implement, and evaluate a suitable health education program on prevention, care and support of HIV/AIDS (National relegating for He alth procreation Credentialing (NCHEC), 2006).REFERENCES Airhihenbuwa C. O. , & Webster J. D. (2004). Culture and African contexts of HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support, Journal of social aspects of HIV/AIDS research alliance. Vol. 1 No. 1 Gumede K. , & Dalrymple L. (2004). Caring communities project KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). DurbanDramAide. Retrieved on terrific 23, 2010 http//www. creativexchange. org/hivaids/CCP National Commission for Health Education Credentialing (NCHEC). (2006). Certified Health Education medical specialist (CHES) responsibilities. Johannesburg NCHEC.

Cvs – Web Strategy

Running head possibility summary CVS THE network system Abstract CVS obdurate to expand its services by opening a Web -based drugstore. Initially, on that point were many doubts concerning how to do it flop attaining it from start, or acquisition were the options on hand. after perusal the possibilities CVS decided to acquire Soma. com and gradually (less than 3 months) turn it into CVS. com. There were many challenges during the process arrange a bicoastal boldness (Soma. om home plate were in Seattle and CVS headquarters were in Rhode Island), determining how the reimbursement were going to be dole out for online purchases, building dirt sensation and increasing traffi c and sales on the new channel (the Web). This accomplishup intends to analyze CVS Web strategy and provide most recommendations on that area. 1 cheek ANALYSIS CVS THE WEB system 2 pillow slip ANALYSIS C VS THE WEB STRATEGY After carefully studying how to venture in a new scattering channel (the Web), CVS decided to acquire an established partnership (Soma. com). The goal was to re -launch Soma. com as CVS. om, in scarcely a few months. The pres indisput fitted was high since the controversy was fierce and constantly increasing. By the time CVS acquired Soma. com there were already strong competitors in the market Drugstore. com and study innovationet Rx. Venturing on a Web-based drugstore was based on the fact that the market for drugstore produces was four times the combined sales of books and CDs, two sectors that had flourished on the web (Shah, 1999, p. 1). Everyday more than and more drugstores were sentiment about the possibility of venturing with online presence, the Internet was flourishing and every genius treasured to take returns of it.According to Shah (1999), CVS decided to acquire Soma. com for some(prenominal) reasons speed, human imagination quality, fully automated wareho use up, and equal health -care-focused beliefs. Speed was crucial t o respond to the agile -growing contention, it would go for taken them 3 to 4 months to build what they bought for the same cost (Shah, 1999, p. 6). In fact, Soma. com used pennant notch technology to operate and control its argumentation, managing up to 3,000 SKUs of just prescription drug drug medicines. Moreover, Soma. coms huma n resource was a great as rate that came with the price.Soma. com was oddly careful about hiring people with spot distinguish prescription back backdrops (Shah, 1999, p. 6). Therefore, hiring qualified employees to manage the new distribution channel was not a concern for CVS. The quest table was design to summarize the analysis of the provided information about CVS web venture. The table summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of the organization and the opportunities and threats of its environment. CASE ANALYSIS CVS THE WEB STRATEGY 3 tabularise 1 CVS Web-based Drugstore SWOT Analysis Strengths ?CVS brand equity second drugstore in the US, Wea knesses ? Bicoastal organization Soma. com and the unmatched with more number of stores. Detailed and well-design deed process from headquarters were in Rhode Island. Time dispensing to exaltation registration required, ? headquarters were in Seattle and CVS difference is a challenge. specified reimbursement wish from the customer, ? Privacy lie withs user susceptibility to sharing several(predicate) options to present the prescription, free transport of orders that included prescription reminders were not in synchronise with brick -and- edicines. ? medical information online, e-mail prescription mortars drugstores. electronic mail prescription re assume reminders for registered ? Making a product available on cvs. com was users, and 24-hour access to pharmacists via email or telephone (Shah, 1999, p. 6) Top-notch automated technology in the washbowl click on the dosage, indications and description of ingredients (Pigott as cited in prescription medicines. ? to web-enable each product to make sure you warehouse, able to deal with up to 3,000 SKU of ? time consume To add a new SKU we codShah, 1999, p. 8) Xtra CVS frequent shopper program, which ? impediment to agree on go developing could be implemented online. Making cvs. com a tool to press forward physic ians enable more products for purchase finished the jobs A physician could visit cvs. com site to website (such as cosmetics, other related prescribe, confirm a prescription or learn a healthcare products, greeting cards), but the patients formulary CVS needs to make it website team management constantly wa s in easier to prescribe through CVS than elsewhere ? trategies for the website CVS wanted to disagreement with this idea. (Shah, 1999, p. 7) ? ? Different delivery options an order could be mailed to the customers home or picked up at the Undefined long-run set strategy for the website. ? Inability to luckyly draw customers to use local CVS (Shah, 1999, p. 8) Cvs. com site was treat ed as a SBU. It had its own strategies implemented for it (free shipping, merchandise team and manager, who responded to ? the website, despite the different marketing lower prices, 24-hour service, etc. ). CVS marketing director. Online set strategy lower than in stores. CASE ANALYSIS CVS THE WEB STRATEGY 4 Opportunities ? gigantic market possibility four times as big as Threats ? Online drugstores were a novelty. No one books and CDs, products that successfully were being sold online. ? knew how productive and feasible they really were. Increased negotiation creator due to mergers and ? There was a seek of losing the reimbursement acquisitions in the drugstore industry, leaving only to online drugstores PBMs have threatened four major drugstores and the rest as industry with that. ndependents. ? ? Strong and increasing direct competition Possibility of being able to have an online (Drugstore. com, satellite Rx, Walgreens. com pharmacy built within the PBMs dispensary and e-pharmacy. com), as well as indirect (Shah, 1999, p. 9). (healthcare sites without prescription pickaxe such as WebMD, which later became Healtheon). ? Mail-order companies created by PBMs to fill long-term prescriptions created a conflict of interest amongst suppliers and online drugstores. CVS had everything figured out for a smooth submission and operation of cvs. om detailed and careful design purchase process, differentiated prices, and quality customer service. All these were back up on CVS brand equity. However, they forgot to truly integrate some(prenominal) companies not only technol ogically but functionally. Even though it appeared to be the best way to do it, having different marketing teams on different time zones created an issue for the company. That was onl y one of CVS integration issues, another one was that the website database was not synchronized with the stores database, which made the e mail reminder tool ineffective.It appears to be that the main hun ting expedition of cvs. com issues was the rush of launching the site no long-term strategies were planned. There was uncertainty in pri cing strategies for the CASE ANALYSIS CVS THE WEB STRATEGY 5 website, as well as expansion in product offerings. I t was challenging to look for common ground amongst CVS and the team managing cvs. com. To make cvs. com a successful distribution channel, CVS needed to start working on long term strategies for growth. CVS needed to take advantage of the great do of product possibilities available infra the drugstore market.There were already other online healthcare sites without prescription filling services (WebMD or Healtheon) offering rela ted products. Hence, more products needed to be introduced for online purchase, and the frequent -shopper program Xtra should have been implemented online as well. It was a fact that the hybrid order -and-delivery offering created an advantage over pur e online competition (Foulkes as cited in Shah, 1999 , p. 8), however, i f they offered different delivery options, they should offer different pricing strategies.Therefore, a discount based on the amount purchased could be designed to increase the website traffic, or a double-point system could be developed for those customers that were Xtra users. Another major issue that needed attention was the PBMs relationship. Conflicts of interest were emanation due to the similarities in the delivery process between the PBMs mail -order prescription program and the online drugstores. Contracts liabilities with the PBMs were at risk under this new distribution channel. In conclusion, cvs. com built its foundation but forgot to plan for growth.More efforts need to be made on long-term, arranged marketing strategies strategies that are a ble to attract loyal customers to the site. Moreover, CVS lack of planning is putting at risk the relationship with the suppliers (PBMs). To avoid failing and committing greater mistakes, CVS should set a mar keting plan that allows them to know the visibility of the online customer, their needs and wants. Based on that r esearch, they should r e-design a nd implement features on the website. Moreover, they need to develop strategies to keep their suppliers ( PBMs) satisfied, withoutCASE ANALYSIS CVS THE WEB STRATEGY 6 feeling at risk of losing business from their mail -order programs. For that specific issue, maybe a joint strategy could be implemented to increase awareness among their customers about whom their PBMs are. By doing so, all the 30 -day refills could be made through them. I f CVS is able to design a nd implement a long-term marketing plan for cvs. com, the website as a new distribution channel would be a complete success. CASE ANALYSIS CVS THE WEB STRATEGY 7 Reference Shah, A. (1999). CVS The web strategy. Harvard Business School.